Dalian is located at the southernmost tip of Liaodong Peninsula, surrounded by the sea on three sides. The ocean has a significant role in regulating climate. It belongs to the warm temperate continental monsoon climate with marine characteristics and is the warmest place in Northeast China. The climate is mild, there is no hot summer, no severe cold in winter, the cold period is late, the sunshine is abundant, the air is not dry, and it has obvious climatic advantages.
Dalian has four distinct seasons, with winter as the longest, accounting for about half a year, while spring, summer and autumn are short, and the sum of the three seasons accounts for about half a year. Dalian is suitable for traveling and living, with April to October as the best every year.
Climatic characteristics in spring
Taking the 5-day moving average temperature above 10℃ and below 22℃ as spring, spring in Dalian generally begins at the end of mid-April and ends at the middle of early July, which is close to 80 days and more than 20 days longer than that in Beijing. It is dry and rainy in spring, and it warms up quickly. It is warm and cold in March, and the temperature rises rapidly in April, which is 7℃ higher than that in March, 6℃ higher than that in May and 4℃ higher than that in June. The average seasonal precipitation is about 100 mm, accounting for only 14% of the annual precipitation. Spring rains will continue in some years, and it is not uncommon for heavy rains to occur in May and June. In spring, the north-south wind alternates frequently, and the wind speed is relatively high, with southerly winds in the majority. There is plenty of sunshine, and the sunshine hours in May are the highest in all months of the year.
Climatic characteristics in summer
Taking the 5-day moving average temperature of 22℃ as summer, summer in Dalian generally begins at the end of early July and ends from the end of August to the beginning of September, which is less than 60 days and more than 40 days less than that in Beijing. Due to the adjustment of the ocean, Dalian is not as sweltering as the southern region in summer, nor as hot as the northern inland region, so the temperature is more suitable. The average temperature in summer in Dalian is 22.6℃, and the average maximum temperature is 26.4℃, which gradually decreases from west to east in space. The extreme maximum temperature generally occurs in June, but the high temperature lasts for a short time in June, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. The relative humidity is high in July and August, usually between 83% and 91%. When the temperature reaches 30℃, it will feel sultry. However, the daily maximum temperature in Dalian in summer exceeds 30℃ for only 10 to 12 days, so the human body does not feel sultry for a long time. Because of the ocean regulation in Dalian area, there are more night rains than day rains, especially in summer. Summer rainfall is concentrated, and there are many rainy days. Typhoons and rainstorms often occur in this season, and seasonal precipitation accounts for 60-70% of annual precipitation, which is prone to local floods.
Climatic characteristics in autumn
Taking the 5-day moving average temperature between 22℃ and 10℃ as autumn, autumn in Dalian generally starts from late August to early September and ends in late October from north to south, lasting about 60 days, which is about one week longer than that in Beijing. In autumn, the temperature drops rapidly, the rain drops sharply, the air is dry and the climate is cool. After autumn, the northwest monsoon began to strengthen, the temperature dropped rapidly, the precipitation days dropped sharply, and the average relative humidity dropped below 75%. The average temperature in September is 19℃ ~ 21℃, and the average temperature in October is 11℃ ~ 14℃, which decreases from south to north and from coastal to inland. In October, cold air began to go south frequently. Due to the adjustment of ocean, the temperature drop rate in autumn in Dalian was slower than that in inland areas. Seasonal precipitation accounts for about 16% of the whole year, and it is around 90 mm in most areas.
Climatic characteristics in winter
Taking the 5-day moving average temperature below 10℃ as winter, the winter in Dalian begins at the end of October and ends in mid-April of the following year, which lasts for 170 ~ 180 days and is the longest season in the four seasons. Dalian is a few days later than Beijing in winter and about 15 days later than Shenyang. Dalian is cold and dry with more northerly winds, less rain and snow in winter. In winter, the ocean is a heat source relative to land, and Dalian's climate feature of no severe cold in winter is due to the role of the ocean. Due to the frequent cold air activities in winter, the number of northerly winds is obviously on the high side. When there are northerly winds, it is freezing cold, and when the northerly winds are weak, the temperature rises rapidly. Although the average temperature in winter in Dalian is slightly lower than that in Beijing, the number of days when the daily average temperature is lower than 0℃ is less than 100 days, which is 20 days less than that in Beijing. There are not many really cold days in Dalian. The average number of days when the lowest temperature is lower than 10℃ is only 20 days, 11 days less than that in Beijing, mainly concentrated in January (there are 11 days). There are more sunny days and less precipitation in winter, accounting for 5% ~ 10% of the annual precipitation.
